Antimicrobial activity screening of rhizosphere soil bacteria from tomato and genome - based analysis of their antimicrobial biosynthetic potential番茄根际土壤细菌抗菌活性筛选及其抗菌生物合成潜力的基因组分析
（1）Tomato plant growth is frequently hampered by a high susceptibility to pests and diseases. Traditional chemical control causes a serious impact on both the environment and human health. Therefore, seeking environment - friendly and cost - effective green methods in agricultural production becomes crucial nowadays. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can promote plant growth through biological activity. Their use is considered to be a promising sustainable approach for crop growth. Moreover, a vast number of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolite production are being revealed in PGPR, which helps to find potential anti - microbial activities for tomato disease control.番茄植物的生长经常由于对害虫和疾病的高度敏感性而受到阻碍。传统的化学控制对环境和人类健康造成严重影响。因此，在农业生产中寻求环境友好且经济高效的绿色方法变得至关重要。植物促生根际细菌(PGPR)可以通过生物活性促进植物生长。它们的使用被认为是一种有希望的可持续的作物生长方法。此外，在PGPR发现了大量用于次生代谢产物生产的生物合成基因簇(bgc ),这有助于发现用于番茄病害控制的潜在抗菌活性。
（2）We isolated 181 Bacillus - like strains from healthy tomato, rhizosphere soil, and tomato tissues. In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that 34 Bacillus strains have antimicrobial activity against Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas syringae; Rhizoctonia solani; Botrytis cinerea; Verticillium dahliae and Phytophthora infestans. The genomes of 10 Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains with good antagonistic activity were sequenced. Via genome mining approaches, we identified 120 BGCs encoding NRPs, PKs - NRPs, PKs, terpenes and bacteriocins, including known compounds such as fengycin, surfactin, bacillibactin, subtilin, etc. In addition, several novel BGCs were identified. We discovered that the NRPs and PKs - NRPs BGCs in Bacillus species are encoding highly conserved known compounds as well as various novel variants.我们从健康番茄、根际土壤和番茄组织中分离出181株芽孢杆菌样菌株。体外拮抗试验表明，34株芽孢杆菌菌株对胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌、丁香假单胞菌具有抗菌活性；立枯丝核菌；灰葡萄孢；黄萎病菌和致病疫霉。对10株具有良好拮抗活性的芽孢杆菌和类芽孢杆菌进行了基因组测序。通过基因组挖掘方法，我们鉴定了120个编码NRPs、PKs - NRPs、PKs、萜烯和细菌素的bgc，包括已知的化合物如fengycin、surfactin、bacillibactin、subtilin等。此外，还发现了几种新的bgc。我们发现芽孢杆菌属物种中的NRPs和PKs - NRPs bgc编码高度保守的已知化合物以及各种新的变体。
（3）This study highlights the great number of varieties of BGCs in Bacillus strains. These findings pave the road for future usage of Bacillus strains as biocontrol agents for tomato disease control and are a resource arsenal for novel antimicrobial discovery.这项研究突出了芽孢杆菌菌株中bgc的大量变种。这些发现为将来使用芽孢杆菌菌株作为番茄病害控制的生物防治剂铺平了道路，并且是新的抗微生物发现的资源库
（4）Result结果
（5）Isolation of Bacteria and in vitro antagonistic assay细菌分离及体外拮抗试验
（6）Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis基因组测序和系统发育分析
（7）Biosynthesis gene cluster (BGC) mining生物合成基因簇(BGC)挖掘
（8）Novel NRPs and PKs BGCs identified from the 10 strains从10个菌株中鉴定出新的NRPs和PKs BGCs
（9）Large - scale genome - based analysis of the bioactive potential of Bacillus芽孢杆菌生物活性潜力的大规模基因组分析