一、法律场景:“宣告无罪”
exonerate 强调彻底洗清罪名,证明无辜 New evidence exonerated him completely.(新证据彻底证明他无罪。)
clear 通用词,侧重消除嫌疑 The investigation cleared her of all wrongdoing.(调查澄清她无任何不当行为。)
absolve 强调免除道德/法律责任 The court absolved him of liability.(法庭免除他的责任。)
exculpate 正式用语,多指开脱罪责 The lawyer presented proof to exculpate the defendant.(律师提供证据为被告开脱。)
vindicate 强调还以清白并证明合理性 The verdict vindicated his long-held claims.(判决证明了他长期的申辩合理。)
absolve 可指“赦免有罪者”,而 acquit 通常基于证据不足或无罪推定。
exculpate 更侧重“开脱”,可能隐含“本有嫌疑”的意味。
二、行为表现场景:“履行责任/表现行为”
同义词 语义侧重 例句参考 来源角标
discharge 正式履行义务或职责 He discharged his duties diligently.(他勤勉地履行了职责。)
fulfill 完成承诺或预期目标 She fulfilled her obligations to the team.(她完成了对团队的责任。)
conduct 强调行为举止的方式 He conducted himself with dignity during the crisis.(他在危机中举止庄重。)
comport 正式用语,指行为符合规范 Members must comport themselves professionally.(成员需保持专业举止。)
免除责任 → relieve / exempt
The clause relieves him of financial liability.(条款免除他的财务责任。)
清偿债务 → settle / repay
He settled the debt before the deadline.(他在截止日前偿清债务。)
pardon 特指“赦免已定罪者”,与“无罪判决”矛盾。
release 仅表示“释放”,不涉及司法程序的无罪认定。
quit 意为“放弃/离开”,与“履行责任”无关联。
法律文书:优先用 exonerate(彻底无罪)、clear(消除嫌疑)。
正式报告:行为描述选 discharge(尽责)、comport(举止合规)。
日常表达:责任免除用 relieve,债务清偿用 settle。